New flexible retirement rules have come into force across Spain, including the Canary Islands, giving pensioners greater freedom to return to work while continuing to receive part of their contributory State pension.

One of the biggest changes is that self-employed workers, known as autónomos in Spain, can now take advantage of the scheme, which was previously limited to pensioners returning to part-time employment.

The new rules came into effect on Friday 28th August 2026 and form part of Spain's wider pension reforms aimed at making the transition between employment and retirement more flexible.

Anyone already receiving a flexible retirement pension before the new rules came into force will continue to be governed by the previous regulations.

What is flexible retirement?

Flexible retirement allows someone who has already officially retired and is receiving a contributory retirement pension to return to work while continuing to receive part of that pension.

Until now, this was primarily available to pensioners returning to work for an employer on a part-time basis.

The new regulations extend the system to people who want to become self-employed after retiring.

However, there is an important condition for autónomos: they must not have been registered as self-employed during the three years immediately before their retirement date.

Another significant change is that pensioners will no longer have to wait for a minimum period after retiring before applying for flexible retirement.

Once their pension has been officially recognised, they can potentially access the scheme at any time.

How many hours can pensioners work?

For people returning to work for an employer, the permitted working hours have also been expanded.

Under the new system, pensioners can work between 33% and 80% of the hours of an equivalent full-time job. Previously, the permitted range was between 25% and 75%.

The amount of pension received is adjusted according to the amount of work being carried out. In simple terms, the more hours someone works, the smaller the proportion of their pension they will initially receive alongside their salary.

However, the reforms also introduce financial incentives for people who decide to return to work after retirement.

Extra pension incentives after six months

People who have been retired for at least six months before entering flexible retirement may qualify for an additional percentage of their pension, depending on how many hours they work.

Those working between 55% and 80% of a full-time position can receive an additional 25% pension entitlement under the new arrangements. Those working at least 33% but less than 55% can receive an additional 15%.

The changes are intended to make returning to work more financially attractive for people who want to remain economically active after reaching retirement.

What happens if you are self-employed?

The rules are different for pensioners who decide to carry out self-employed work.

Those who qualify to combine their pension with self-employed activity will be able to receive up to 25% of their pension while continuing to work.

During this period, they will continue to be officially considered pensioners for purposes including healthcare and social protection.

This could be particularly relevant in the Canary Islands, where thousands of people operate as autónomos in sectors ranging from tourism and hospitality to retail, professional services and construction.

However, anyone considering returning to self-employed work should check their individual eligibility with Spain's Social Security system before starting an activity, particularly because of the three-year restriction.

Changes for some early retirees

The new legislation also includes potential improvements for people who were forced into early retirement for reasons beyond their control.

If they subsequently enter flexible retirement and later return to full retirement, their pension may be improved through a recalculation of their regulatory base and the applicable pension percentage, taking into account additional contributions made while working.

Who is excluded?

The new flexible retirement system applies across the different Social Security regimes in Spain, but there are some exceptions.

Special pension schemes covering State civil servants, members of the Armed Forces and employees of the Justice Administration are excluded from the new regulations.

Spain wants people to work for longer

The reform forms part of a broader strategy by the Spanish Government to encourage people who want to continue working to remain in the labour market for longer.

Government figures show that the proportion of workers choosing to delay their retirement has more than doubled in recent years, rising from 4.8% in 2021 to 10.9% in 2025.

At the same time, early retirement has become less common. It accounted for more than 43% of retirements in 2018, compared with around 30% currently.

The latest changes are designed to provide another option between working full-time and stopping work completely, allowing qualifying pensioners to earn an income while retaining part of their pension.

For British residents in the Canary Islands who have paid into the Spanish Social Security system and receive a Spanish contributory pension, individual eligibility will depend on their pension and employment circumstances, so professional advice or confirmation from Social Security is advisable before returning to work.